Determination of Geocoris spp. (Hemiptera: Geocoridae) and biological parameters of important species laboratory conditions and side effects of widely used insecticides in cotton production areas of Southeasten Anatolia Region

Cotton is a very important product in the global economy due to its widespread use and the fact that the varieties it is grown in provide job opportunities. In this study, it was aimed to detect Geocoris species in cotton fields in Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa and Mardin provinces, population change, biological parameters of important species and the side effects of commonly used pesticides. In the study, Geocoris species and the population change of these species in controlled areas were determined in field surveys carried out at two-week intervals between 2021 and 2022 in the same provinces. Side effect studies were conducted with four replications, using a randomized plot design in laboratory conditions, and a randomized block design, in field conditions. Although it was seen during the cotton production season that remained generally high in Şanlıurfa and Mardin provinces in 2021 and 2022. Geocoris megacephalus was determined as the common species between these species. Side effect studies were carried out in two trial areas in Diyarbakır (Gencan and Belenli) under field conditions. Dimethoate and acetamiprid on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day showed the highest percentage effect value. The average egg opening time was 6.85 days, the average pre-adult development time was 26.98 days and the average adult life span was 32.5 days of G. megacephalus were determined in the studies carried out under laboratory conditions. The mean preoviposition, oviposition and postoviposition periods of G. megacephalus were 4.6 days, 17.9 days and 4.3 days, respectively. One female laid an average of 71.25 eggs during her lifetime. In the study was determined as hereditary reproductive ability (rm) with 0.06, limit of increase rate (λ) with 1.06, net reproductive rate (R0) with 14.25, and average generation time (To) with 39.55. In the side effect studies of insecticides were carried out in the laboratory environment showed a % 100 effected of application doses of dimethoate in food insecticide application, direct insecticide application and dry film residue methods to adults and nymphs. It was determined that sulfoxaflor and dimethoate were moderately harmful, with high effects in the insecticide application to food, direct insecticide application and dry film residue methods, according to the percentage effect and dead adult ratio 72 hours after application on adults of G. megacephalus. Keywords: Geocoris megacephalus, Side effect, Life table, Southeastern Anatolia Region, Türkiye