Archaeology and psychoanalysis in Henry Rider Haggard's She and Wilhelm Jensen's Gradiva

The main purpose of this thesis is to show with an analysis of the works She by Henry Rider Haggard and Gradiva by Wilhelm Jensen that archaeology and psychoanalysis are analogically connected disciplines. Their connection is understood to be based on their revealing what the notion of enlightenment suppressed with the development of Western civilization. In other words, they bring the unconscious, which bears the suppressed primitivity of the individual and thus humanity, to the conscious. On the way to come to this conclusion, the focus of the first chapter maintains on the development and causes of the suppression of nature and the natural in the human being, which is demonstrated to have arisen with the construction of the male hierarchical system. The cultural process of this development is depicted by an analysis of main representatives of Western philosophy, where a shift can be observed in 19th century philosophy, in which the mainstream discourse is undermined with the suggestion that the unconscious is prior to the conscious. The second chapter involves in which way psychoanalysis and archaeology bear the counter discourse of 19th century philosophy and in which way these disciplines are connected. Further, considering it as the reflection of this counter discourse in the field of psychology, Freudian psychoanalysis is being focused on as the main approach to reveal its connection with archaeology and to analize the literary works. Finally in the last chapter, with this theoretical approach it is revealed how the unconscious of the individual as well as the Western civilization is carried to the conscious and thus the past to the present with the synthesis of the two disciplines via an examination of the 'dream worlds' and relevant motives present in She and Gradiva. Keywords: Enlightenment, Regression, Unconscious, Prehistory, Dream