Histopathological evaluation of the effects of ibandronic acid to the alveolar bone after tooth extractions

The aim of this study is to research the effects of the potent nitrojen containing bisphosphonate ibandronic acid at different doses to the alveolar wound healing after molar tooth extractions.In this research 30 female Spraque-Dawley rats were used as experimental animals. The animals were divided into three groups; first group received 0.033 mg/kg ibandronic acid, second group received 0.1mg/kg ibandronic acid and third group received distillate water injections subcutaneously for 6 weeks. Five days following the injection left mandibular molar teeths were extracted in each group. Animals were sacrificed 8 weeks postoperatively and left hemimandibles were removed and prepared for histopathological examination.Histopathological findings were statistically analyzed. New bone formation were observed in all groups. Osteblastic and osteoclastic activity were increased in three groups. Increase of vascular proliferation and inflammation was significantly higher in group 1 and group 2 than in control group. Mucosal ulceration in group 2 was significantly higher than group 1 and control group. Osteonecrocis was only seen in 3 of the animals (% 35) from group 2 and it was statistically significant.It is concluded that the potent bisphosphonate ibandronic acid may cause osteonecrosis after simple tooth extraction.Key Words : Ibandronic Acid, Osteonecrocis, Tooth extraction, Alveolar wound healing.