Identification of NADPH oxidase, COX-2, and some biomarkers in renal failure

Renal failure is increasingly being related to oxidative stress. For example, uremic patients have a lower antioxidant defense maximal range, which has been linked to oxidative stress (the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)). The kidneys produce NADPH, a superoxide anion and a type of ROS. In renal failure patients, an increase in NADPH production adds to the development of renal damage. COX-2 is an enzyme that controls the flow of blood through the kidneys. When COX-2 inhibitors are used, kidney damage might occur, and renal blood flow can be negatively affected. This can then lead to the production of kidney failure. In this study, 60 samples of renal failure patients and 30 samples of healthy subjects of both genders, aged 15-25 years, were collected over four months. The assays were performed on NADPH Oxidase, COX-2, and other biomarkers (kidney functions, glucose, lipid profile, electrolyte (Na+1, K+1, Cl-1 , Ca +2). As a result, we can confirm that the chemical evaluations revealed that the concentration of Serum COX-2 and NADPH can predict renal impairment. The results show rapid rise in serum levels of COX-2, NADPH in outpatients and inpatient with renal failure compared to control (p > 0,05). This investigation found that the increase in concentrations of both COX-2 and NADPH in the patient group were indicative of renal failure.