İmplant Destekli Tam Protez Uygulamalarında, İmplantlar Arası Mesafelerin Ve Açıların Tutuculuğa Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different inter-implant distances and angles on retention force values in lower jaw two-implant-supported overdenture applications in a laboratory setting. The obtained laboratory results are intended to guide clinical applications and contribute to further research.In order to create blocks for the implantation of 36 implant analogs and replicate 36 prostheses, 72 abutments, 72 retentive superstructures, and 72 implant analogs were employed in this study. Six different test groups were created based on 12 mm and 22 mm inter-implant distances and 0°,5°, 10°-degree angulations of implants in the buccolingual direction (n=6). Each group underwent 360, 720, and 1440 insertion/removal cycles corresponding to 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months of clinical use. Retention tests were conducted using a Universal Testing Machine. The collected data were transferred to the IBM SPSS program. Independent sample t-test was used to determine if there was a difference between the two groups, and one-way analysis of variance (One Way ANOVA) was used to examine differences among more than two groups. As a final step, metal matrices and matrix inserts of the prostheses were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess the wear values of the retentive components.There was no significant effect of the distance between implants and the angulation on Locator retention (p > .05). However, the effect of the insertion/removal cycle count on retention was statistically significant (p < .05). Significant wear was observed in the rubber inserts after 1 year of use.The similarity in retention values between the distances and angles of the implants provides clinicians with an opportunity to place the implants as close together as possible and with a buccal angulation of up to 10 degrees.