In vitro effects of melatonin circadian sod and in embryos exposed to the effect of melatonin on the expression of genes of HMGB1 tracking

Melatonin is a key factor which have crucial roles in nearly every system of the body. This factor organize, regulation of many hormones and circadian rhythm of the organism. Due to its small size and amphaphilic structure melatonin is highly soluble in both water and lipids which allows it to penetrate into cells and tissues once it is released to circulation. This property of melatonin leads to its presence in many tissues of the organism. Melatonin is a strong antioxidant which have key functions in regulation of sleep and immüne system, induction of cell renewal, inhibition of cancer progress, delay of aging. In addition to these functions melatonin also has key roles in fertilization. Superoxide dismutase ( SOD) whose genes are localized on q arms of chromosomes 6, 21 and p arm of chromosome 4 (21q22.1, 6q25.3 ve 4p15.3-p15.1) encodes an enzyme which is found in cytoplasm, mitochondria and extracellular matrix of the cells and have important antioxidative effects. Highly Multivariate Group Proteins b1 (HMGB1) is an important gene with antiapoptotic effects at cellular level. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the presence of melatonin receptors on woman germ cells (oocytes) and early embriyo stages and to further investigate the effects of melatonin on fertilization rates, embriyo development and gestation success via regulation of SOD1 and HMGB1 gene expression . We have compared the study group consisting of IVF patients whose embriyos were cultured in mediums supplemented with melatonin, with control group consisting of IVF patients whose embriyos were cultured in mediums without melatonin to investigate the mentioned effects of melatonin. We have demonstrated the presence melatonin receptor ( MT1) using a confocal microscope after performing immüneflouresctent labelling of the receptor with Alexa Flour 488 conjugated anticores . We have also demonstrated the gene expression of MT1 using surplus oocytes at different developmental stages (M1, M2, GV oocytes) . In addition we have investigated expression of SOD and HMGB1 genes. Evaluation of the results show that there is no statististically significant differences between the study group and the control group in terms of fertilization rates, embriyo development and rate of oocytes reaching blastocyts stage.