Determining the efficacy of some nanomaterials on the morphological and physiological characteristics of boysenberry growed under in vitro cultural conditions and the stress of salt

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that affect plant growth and development and limit agricultural product yield. The cultivation of Boysenberry all over the world is increasing rapidly due to its higher fruit quality compared to other blackberry varieties. In this study, the effects of iron (FeNP), silver (AgNP) and silicon dioxide (SiO2NP) nanoparticles on the morphological and physiological properties of boysenberry plant under salt (NaCl) stress were investigated in vitro. Different salt concentrations (15 and 35 mM NaCl) and NP (1 and 2 mg L-1 Ag, 0.025 and 0.05 mM FeNP, 7.5 and 15 mg L-1 SiO2) doses were used in the study. The plants, which were grown by micropropagation in vitro, were transferred to 24 different MS nutrient media containing different salt concentrations and NPs after 4 weeks. The shoot and root length, leaf number, leaf width and length, shoot and root fresh and dry weights, and chlorophyll index were measured as a result of the 4-week vegetative development of the treated plants. In addition, SOD and CAT activities were measured. When all the results obtained were evaluated, it was determined that different doses of SiO2NP, FeNP and AgNP applications applied to the blackberry plant grown with tissue culture in vitro conditions positively affected the vegetative growth of the plant. Among the different treatments, the highest wet root weight (0.571 g), root length (54.07 mm) and stem dry weight (0.841 g) was achieved in 15 mM NaCl + 0.025 mM FeNP application. Shoot length (61.10 mm), leaf width (14.46 mm) and leaf length (18.70 mm) were recorded in 15 mM NaCl + 1 mg L-1 AgNP application. In addition, the highest CAT activity was determined as 17.82 in 35 mM NaCl + 0.05 mM FeNP application, and 311.55 in SOD activity in 35 mM NaCl application. KEYWORDS: Silver Nanoparticle, Iron Nanoparticle, Salinity, Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle