Up to independence from british sovereignty "Kuwait"

The Persian Gulf has been a conspicuous region for many centuries .From prehistoric ages to historical ages it has been an important commercial area for eastern and western civilizations. It is a strategic region, which provided temporary stopover destination, for several rulers. The commercial viability of the Persian Gulf before to İslam continued to increase during the periods when İslam began to spread. Especially, with Geographical explorations led by Portugues and seafarers and explorers who passed from the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian sea and from here crossed over the Strait of Hormuz arrived to the Persian Gulf. The Persian Gulf is enriched by Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which are crossing with Shatt al-Arap. There were large and small sheikhdoms on the shores of Persian Gulf. These Sheikhdoms did trade each other just as struggeled in many ways. Kuwait, which is located in Persian Gulf, has been the host of many struggles just as it has been the cause of them. Because Kuwait has the most suitable natural harbour to which large ships can berth, it has been a significant conflict zone. Kuwait is one of the driest region of the Persian Gulf. It is insufficient in terms of water resources. Kuwait, which is inadequate in terms of agriculture, trade in various fields is of great importance. It is possible to say that Kuwait is also an important settlement area in prehistoric times. Kuwait, which has large and small islands, hasn't much information about when exactly it was founded, but it had come under the control of many rulers and civilizations from Dilmun society, Sumerians, Akkadians and Alexander the Great to Parthians and Sassanids. The foundations of present-day Kuwait were laid by the Beni Khalid tribe who emigrated to Kuwait from the iner parts of the Arabian Peninsula in the 17th century. It is thought that the commonly used name "Kuveyt" first came from the words "Qurain" or "Kut". Following the Beni Khalid tribe, Kuwait came under the control of the Sabah family of the Utub tribe. Because it was an important port in the Persian Gulf, it became an important trade center between India and the Middle East. Ottoman rule began in the region of Basra after the Iraqeyn military expedition by Ottoman Sultan Süleyman I in 1534 .Kuwait was officially attached to the Ottoman Empire during Mithat Pasha's Baghdad Governorate. As Britain became active in the Persian Gulf, she began to make effective commercial treaties with the sheikhdoms on the Gulf. Kuwait is in important position for England's and India's trade. At the end of the 19th century, Germany undertook the construction of the Baghdad-Berlin Railway Project to break British power in the Gulf and control Indian trade. In response to this move, England increased their influence on the Sheikhdoms in the Gulf. England signed various treaties with the Sheikhdoms in the Persian Gulf, and lastly the English-Kuwait treaty was signed on 23 January 1889 with Sheikh Mubarak Al-Sabah. Although this treaty was previously kept secret, it was revealed because Germans wanted to infiltrate the region thoroughly. Despite all the attempts of the Ottoman State to resist, when World War I started, England declared that it took Kuwait under British rule in 1914. Between 1914-1961 the changing of the World balances the most important subject title was oil. The first traces of oil were found in Kuwait in 1934. Oil exploration continued in 1936 and 1937. In 1938, although the desired level of oil was drilled from the drilling well for the oil in the Burgan field, with the outbreak of World War II, the work was stopped until 1946. Since 1946, Kuwait's oil production has increased and Kuwait has become a region where international oil companies have fought hard. The British-American partnership KOC (Kuwait Oil Company) was established as a result of the struggle between UK-controlled oil companies and American oil companies. With the change of political balances in the Middle East in the 1950s, economic independence in the Middle Eastern countries began to be voiced loudly, Kuwait did not turn a deaf ear to the rising of Arab Nationalism around. As a result of the wise policies of Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah and the pressure he exerted on Britain, Kuwait succeeded to be come one of the first sheikhdoms who gained independence in the Gulf region on June 19, 1961.