Investigation and molecular characterization of barley yellow dwarf viruses in wheat fields (Triticum aestivum L.) of Diyarbakir province by multiplex RT-PCR

In order to ascertain the presence of Barley/Cereal yellow dwarf viruses (BYDV-PAV, MAV, SGV, RMV, and CYDV-RPV), in wheat fields, a survey was conducted in the year of 2016 in Diyarbakir province. Presence of BYDV viruses (PAV, MAV, SGV, RMV, and CYDV-RPV) was investigated by using multiplex RT-PCR and RT-PCR methods. A total of 365 wheat leaf samples were randomly collected from wheat fields of Diyarbakir province. As a result of tests the wheat samples were found to be infected by BYDV-PAV, BYDV-SGV and CYDV-RPV with the percentage of (3.5 %), (2.4 %) and (1.3 %), respectively. Detected mix infections of BYDVPAV+BYDV-SGV, BYDV-PAV+ CYDV-RPV, BYDV-SGV+ CYDV–RPV, and BYDV-PAV+ BYDV-SGV+ CYDV-RPV were 2.2 %, 0.8 %, 0.8 %, and 0.8 % respectively. A virus isolate was selected randomly and its coat protein gene was characterized. Complete coat protein gene of BYDV-PAV virus (Genbank accession no. KX774424) was cloned and sequenced with the universal primers. BYDV-PAV Diyarbakir isolate was compared with 21 isolates from other regions in the world. The nucleotide sequence of BYDV-PAV Diyarbakir isolate was showed 81.43 % - 98.3 % similarities with the world isolates. The present study is the first report for documentation of BYDV-PAV, BYDVSGV and CYDV-RPV viruses in wheat fields in Diyarbakir province in Turkey