Analysis common mutation of PAD gene in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Iraqi population

A total of 96 people, 64 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and 32 healthy people, aged between 25-35, participated in this study. Blood samples to be used in the examinations were taken at Dhuluiya General Hospital between March-May 2022. Significant differences in mean age and gender were found between patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the healthy control group. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are usually between the ages of 31-35 and it is more common in women. The mean anti-CCP and PADI 4 levels detected in the patient group were significantly higher than the control group. The polymorphism of the PADI 4 gene was studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results obtained using logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between certain alleles and genotypes and the risk of RA. In addition, no significant difference was observed between the patient and healthy control groups in the tests performed using the Tetra ARMS-PCR method. In patients with RA, the heterozygous CT genotype repeat rate is highest at 48.4% compared to the control group. The normal genotype rate was the lowest in the patient group with 43.8%. Mutant TT genotype was determined as 7.8% in the patient group. According to the findings regarding the frequency of alleles, the mutant T allele of the patient group has a high proportion. Moreover; TT, CT and allelic T genotypes are seen as risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Heterozygous CG genotype is 60.9% in RA patients. The normal genotype CC percentage was found to be 40.6% in the control group. The mutant GG genotype was determined as 14.1% in the patient group. In terms of allele frequency, the mutant G allele rate was higher in the patient group (44.54%) while it was lower in the control group (35.9%). The normal C allele was found to be higher in the control group (64.1%). According to the results obtained, probability GG genotype and G allele are seen as risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis.