Increasing of mucosal mast cell in irritabl bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic and recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation and/or abdominal distention. . Subtypes have been defined as IBS constipation predominant (IBS-C), IBS diarrhea predominant (IBS-D), IBS mixed type (IBS-M) and IBS unsubtyped (IBS-U). The Rome criteria based on symptomes have been improved in order to simplify and standardize the diagnose. IBS has been caused by the interactions of biological and psychosocial factors. Motility changing, visceral hyperalgesy, brain-gut axis interactions disorder, autonom and hormonal, genetic and environmental factors, post-infectious cases, psychosocial disorders affect every patient in a different way.The similarity between GIS and non-GIS symptoms of systemic mastocytosis and IBS reveals the hypothesis whether colonic mucosal mast cells affect it or not. In many researches, made via this hypothesis, mast cell infiltration has been determined in colon mucosa of the patients with IBS. As pointed out in our study, we aim to determine whether IBS is a low graded organic disease or not. For this purpose, age and sex matched 72 patients who met the Rome-III criteria for IBS, and ( IBS-D group 40 patients,IBS-K 32) 50 control groups are made. The bowel cleaning of the cases are carried out via enema, and biopsies are taken with flexible colonoscopy apparatus from rectum and caecum mucosa. The material of the taken biopsy is coloured with `Giemza ve Hematoksilen-Eozin?.The histological evaluation of the biopsy sections is accounted as mast cell in 10 focus in light microscop, and by taking its average is made with 4 graded scala (none,little,middle,much). Serum cytokines of every 3 groups have been studied again and analized. At the end of our study, mast cell increase in rectum and caecum mucosa and an increase in inflammatory cytokine at the level of sIL-2R are determined in patient with IBS-D group.Our study has shown that a low-graded inflamatuar is in the physiopathology of IBS. It is supported that mucosal mast cell infiltration has a role in the inflamation and visceral hypersensitivity leading the pathogenesis of the IBS.