Protection of personal rights in the digital media in terms of Islamic law

Advances in information technology and mass media have significantly transformed our daily lives. These tools, called "new media" have transformed the world into a global village by providing opportunities for interaction. However, these technological advancements, in addition to the benefits and opportunities they offer to society, also have certain negative impacts. The virtual world, characterized by uncontrollability and the ambiguity of boundaries, is a platform where people can engage in activities more freely. However, fundamental rights such as freedom of expression are constrained by legal frameworks. Just as in social life, legal norms should be applied in digital environments to safeguard individuals. Although actions in this environment may seem "virtual", their consequences are real. Indeed, the effects of cyberbullying, "hate speech", "targeting", "defamation" and "fake news" in virtual media have more severe consequences in real life. Therefore, this brings the human relationships and outcomes within this simulated environment under the jurisdiction of law. The increasingly important issues of cybercrime and digital law are reflected in the constantly updated legal frameworks in digital platforms. This study examines the use and protection of personal rights in digital media within the framework of Islamic law. The first section addresses the principles of communication in digital media from an Islamic legal perspective. The second section focuses on the identification of rights and freedoms in the context of Maqasid al-Shari'ah (the objectives of Islamic law) in the digital sphere. The third section analyzes crimes arising from the violation of personal rights in digital environments and the corresponding sanctions