Activities of Israel intelligence in Palestinian and Arab nelghboring countrles 1948-2014

This study examined the Israeli intelligence community which is made up of three major agencies: The Mossad, ŞABAK, and Aman. The study mainly focused on the management and organizational structure for each one of the intelligence apparatus, distribution of roles mechanism, and modes of connection and communication between the components of the three apparatus. The study showed how the Zionism movement was concerned about the Palestinian land earlier before 1948 through the Zionist organizations. Indeed the intelligence effort back then was mainly concentrating on setting up mechanisms to control over Palestine. This lasted until the 1948 Arab-Israeli war which was followed by the declaration of establishment of the Israeli state which led to the occupation of the Palestinian land under the Arab weakness. Ever since and from its inception, the Israeli intelligence community started collecting information about resistance movements that confront the Israeli occupation. In 1967, Israel extended its control on the remaining lands of Palestine. This was followed by an Israeli resolution on charging the responsibilities of the Israeli intelligence work in the Palestinian territories for the Mossad. Additionally, the latter put its entire effort on collecting information and recruiting spies; the thing that was historically confronted by the Palestinian resistance tremendous efforts in detecting spies, arresting and killing them. Whereas, the Mossad pursued its intelligence activities against Arabs and Palestinians in Palestine and other Arab and foreign countries. While the intelligence apparatus, Aman, focused its works on following up with the military development and weaponry in the Arab world and world-wide and controlling and monitoring the borders of Israel via spying and eavesdropping systems. The study highlighted the Israeli intelligence activities in the neighboring Arab countries (Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Lebanon) regarding collecting information on each country's social, political and military aspects. In order to achieve that, the Israeli intelligence community recruited a number of Arab and foreign spies to carry out that mission. These agencies were able to infiltrate some governmental institution and deploy their spies in highest leaderships' positions within governmental bodies. However, Arabs intelligence faced those activities by counterintelligence operations by recruiting Israeli and foreign spies to work for the Arab Intelligence. The latter also succeeded in disclosing some espionage networks, arresting their members and putting them on trials, some of whom were sentenced to death for their crimes of treason against their nations. The study indicated that the impacts of intelligence activities were reflected on political, security, judicial institutions and the local community inside Israel. Keywords: Intelligence, Resistance, Mossad, Şabak, Aman