İzmir kıyı şeridinde kentsel havalandırma ve yaya rüzgâr konforunu iyileştirmeye yönelik yapılaşma önerisi

Urban areas face severe environmental problems such as global warming, urban heat islands (UHI), and air pollution; however, coastal cities in the Mediterranean region have cool sea breezes that can reduce the effects of these environmental problems. However, in many coastal cities, impermeable urban seafront buildings prevent cool sea breezes from penetrating the city, causing the accumulation of hot and polluted air in urban areas while also posing a risk of pedestrian wind discomfort. This study aims to design wind-adaptive urban seafront buildings to improve urban ventilation and pedestrian wind comfort in İzmir, a high-density Mediterranean city where UHI, air pollution, and the risk of pedestrian wind discomfort coexist. For this purpose, a complementary field and design study was carried out using the parametric design and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Alternative seafront buildings consisting of two-rows and shifted configurations were designed using two proposed urban geometric indicators. Among the configurations, the denser and more compact seafront building configuration prevents the risk of wind discomfort and achieves the highest ventilation efficiency (82%). The results show that a compromise between pedestrian wind comfort and ventilation efficiency requirements can be achieved in the seafront urban area without neglecting urban density/compactness. This study provides theoretical and practical outcomes and promotes the consideration of wind in the urban spatial planning process. The pedestrian-level wind climate in the coastal part of Izmir can be improved by applying the findings. The resulting implications can apply to similar coastal urban environments and help urban policymakers and designers.