Keşiş (Erzincan) ve Kop (Erzurum) dağları kromit yataklarındaki kamereritin gemolojik ve minerolojik incelemeleri ve oluşum kökenlerinin belirlenmesi.

Kammererite (chromian clinochlore), in essence, is one of the rarest clinochlore minerals as a sub-variety of large family of the chlorite minerals. Even though it is the monoclinic IIb-2 polytype, with symmetry C2/m, which is one of the most abundant regular-stacking one-layer chlorites occurring in nature, the crystallization of chromian clinochlore is less abundant. Hence, gem-quality magenta colored kammererite which may be formulized as [Mg5(Al,Cr,Fe,)2Si3O10(OH)8] is only found in Turkey worldwide.Unique loose kammererite crystals were investigated as both mineralogically and gemmologically. Accordingly, some well-known further spectroscopic analytical methods were used to characterize and identify in detail for provenance and genesis of the Turkish kammererite samples.Firstly, as a structural characterization, in the light of the data obtained from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as some essential gemmological measurements and polarizing microscope observations, dispersive confocal (green laser) micro-Raman spectroscopy (DCµRS) shows that the strong micro-Raman bands in the kammererite samples with C? and C? axes are peaked at 681, 541, 353, 197, and 112 cm-1. These bands are a result vibrational and librational symmetric and asymmetric stretching and bending modes of (MgOH)-, (AlOH)2-, (CrOH)2-, (FeOH)2-, and (SiOH)1- molecules, which forms all kammererite structure.Secondly, as a provenance characterization, photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectra show that individual luminescence bands in the kammererite samples are due to mainly chemical defects caused by transition metal and rare earth elements in the lattice, which are detected by the inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).Finally, these parameters provide positive identification regarding to geographic origin of the original Turkish kammererite, and, give a unique fingerprint for this kind of clinochlore gemstone.Keywords: Chromian clinochlore, podiform-type chromitite ore deposits, dispersive (green laser) confocal micro-raman spectroscopy (DCµRS), photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence.