Kısa çalışma programlarının çalışma hayatına etkisi: COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında Türkiye'nin durumu ve Alman uygulamasından alınabilecek örnekler

Short-time work is a social policy instrument, which enables the preservation of jobs during economic recessions. The principle of the program is reducing the working hours temporarily rather than terminating the contracts of workers. The purpose is to ensure the employees remain at employment by providing income support for the duration not worked. The research aims at propounding the effectiveness of the short-time work scheme implemented during the Covid-19 period in Turkey on labour life. The study covers specific data derived from official institutions, their interpretation and information about the legislative regulation to evaluate the effectiveness. It is also aimed to determine the practices that can be taken as an example for Turkey by examining the short-time work practice of Germany. The conclusion derived from this research is that the short-time work scheme implemented during Covid-19 in Turkey has contributed to keeping employment levels. However, some aspects of the program reduce its effectiveness. Tradesmen who work on their account and are defined as "4B" group couldn't have benefited from the allowance. Another limitation is that a family-oriented approach is not adopted during the determination of the short-time work allowance amount. Besides, the legal regulations in Turkey for short-time work do not include tripartite consultation among government, employers, and employees, which prevents social dialogue between social partners. Premiums of short and long-term insurance branches are not paid when a workplace is completely stopped its activities under a short time work process. This is evaluated as a disadvantageous situation for employees.