Green cities and green infrastructure systems as a solution to global warming: An evaluation in terms of public finance

Global warming and climate change are one of the most important problems faced internationally today. Global climate change, called the increases in the amount of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and the impact of these increases on the Earth, is an important issue that needs to be resolved in terms of leaving a more livable world for both current and future generations. Many economic activities are affected by climate change. In particular, this global problem, which negatively affects development and the economy, is seen as a mandatory problem to prevent with the cooperation of countries. Countries meet in a common basis for the solution of this problem, both with national policies and with international cooperation. Many agreements have been signed with the IPCC on climate change prevention, which has an important place in international studies. The content of the signed agreements generally consists of the financial policies that states must implement to combat this global crisis. To prevent climate change by establishing international organization within the fiscal policies of states have been implemented for green policies. Environmental and clean policies that stand out in the fight against global warming are the most important among the policies implemented. It is certain that industry and industrial activity have increased the rates of dirty gas in the atmosphere. For this reason, gren policies and environmental policies are applied especially to prevent pollution from industrial activities. With the begining of introduction of environmental taxes and the usage of market economy solutions to combat global warming have facilitated the green policies. Especially thanks to the green city and green infrastructure policies which is spreading rapidly today are finding out solutions to the climate crisis. In this study, fiscal policies applied in countries to prevent global warming and climate change were discussed and existing policies were evaluated, and what can be done in addition to existing policies were examined. The new green order and the green policies implemented by the countries in the climate change process were examined and the financial policies implemented by the countries in the fight against global warming were examined. Green taxes and environmental taxes, one of the most important tools for preventing environmental and air pollution that cause global warming, were explained in detail, and various taxes applied by countries to prevent global warming were examined, and the amounts of carbon and emissions taxes applied by were also discussed. Emphasis has been placed on the importance of the responsibilities and policies that the state must undertake in the fight against global warming. Within the scope of the study, the importance of the green city and green infrastructure systems created by the new green order in the prevention of climate change was demonstrated, and the incentives and aids provided by the countries for this new system were exemplified through cities. The relationship between the concept of green infrastructure and sustainable infrastructure, the importance of these concepts in combating global warming have been revealed, and existing green infrastructure studies have been exemplified. In the study, application examples of developed countries were mentioned in general, and the size of the expenditures allocated to the environment in the expenditure policies of the mentioned countries was taken as a basis. Keywords: Global warming, climate change, green cities, green infrastructure, sustainable ınfrastructure