Determination of spatial and temporal surface area changes of lake Ladik (Samsun) with geographic information systems and remote sensing tools

The aim of this study is to determine the spatial and temporal changes between 1999-2019 in the water area of Lake Ladik, which is located in Ladik District of Samsun Province and has the status of National Protected Wetland Area, by using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing Methods. Management measures to be taken in order to overcome the problems in the lake was also evaluated. The surface area of the lake is smaller in September compared to May. No major changes were observed in the lake area between 1999-2009 due to the controlled water management. However, excessive use of water especially for irrigation after 2009 has caused a reduction in the surface area of the lake. Land cover and land use of the area changed according to the the presence of water and the increase in agricultural areas damaged the forest areas. In addition, the performances of the different water indices fordetermining the lake area available in the literature were determined statistically. The AWEInsh index was the most successful index when all images were evaluated together and evaluated among May images, whereas MNDWI index was more successful when September images were evaluated together. It was understood that the water indices used in this study can be used as a fast, economical and practical method for the sustainable management of water and observation of the spatio temporal changes in the area of lakes such as Ladik lake, where seasonal and annual areal changes are high. 2020, 42