Investigation of the stress caused on implant, on surrounding tissues, on abutment and on prothesis by the use of different abutment materials in different angles in single maxillary anteryor implant supported prosthesis with finite elements analysis.

Aim: Aim is to analyze the stress caused on implant, on abutment, on prosthesis and on surrounding tissues by chewing activity when the titanium and zirconium abutments that are angled mandatorily in order to provide the expected aestetics at maxillary anteryror areas. In this way it is aimed to determine which materials are more succesful at which angles for a succesful implant application. Material and Method: In this study the finite elements analysis method which is one of stres analysis that is used frequently in several areas by the developments in technology was used. In the Maxillary anterior single implant prothesis, models in which titanium and zirconium abutment materials have 0 degree and 25 degree with the implant were prepared on computer. Chewing and cutting forces were implemented to models which were prepared in three dimensions on computer and the occured stress on implanti on abutment, on prothesis, on implant screw and on surrounding bone tissue by application of these forces were compared by analysing. Results: In maxillery anterior single tooth deficiencies zirconium abutments showed similar stres cumulations to titanium abutments when they are used with 0 degree and 25 degree angle. When compared to the use with no angle, in both zirconium and titanium abutments, an increase of %30 in stress was observed. It is observed that the stres increased three times more on abutment screw with the use of angle. Conclusion: As zirconium abutments which are used in maxxillary anterior areas in order to meet the aesthetical expectations created similar stresses with the titanium abutments in terms of stresses that occur against chewing and cutting forces, it is understood that there will be no difference with titanium abutments when they are used with angle or direcly. Abutment screws have been found to have 3 times more stress at 25 degree angles, so design and material quality have to be taken into consideration. It is thought that supportive in vivo studies should be performed Key Words: Dental implant, abutment, zirconium abutment, usage with angle, finite element anaylsis