The effect of different respiratory types on performance and cardiovascular system in maximal resistance exercises

In the research is to review the effect of different breathing types on performance and cardiovascular system during maximal resistance exercise and to determine which breathing type is appropriate for performance and cardiovascular system. For this purpose, 12 participants who did regular resistance exercise were included in the study. Personal information form, holter, blood pressure measuring device were used to collect data. The Borg Scale test was applied. The study took 4 weeks. 1st week; Bench-Press 1RM's of the participants were determined. There were 6 sets, 5 minutes between 4RM sets resting Bench Press training was undertaken once a week for 3 weeks with 3 different breathing types. 1st week, exercise included exhaling whilst lifting the weight, inhaling whilst lowering the weight. 2nd week, participants holding their breath while lifting the weight which continued on with inhaling and exhaling while lowering the weight. 3rd week, participants then inhaled while lifting the weight and exhaled while lowering the weight. The heart rate variables of the participants were recorded with a holter during the exercise, including 5 minutes before and after the exercises. The blood pressure of the participants was measured before the exercises, after the third set and at the end of the exercise. Descriptive statistics of the data obtained in the study were completed. Friedman, Wilcoxon signed ranks test were used to determine the significance of differences between respiratory types, Spearman correlation test was used to determine the relationship in SPSS 25.0. Different breathing types during maximal resistance exercises showed statistically significant effect on SDNN (𝑋2=6.00, 𝑝≤0.05) which is one of the cardiovascular system parameters. No statistically significant difference was observed in pNN50, RMSSD, LF, HF, LF/HF, heart rate, deceleration capacity of heart rate and blood pressure (p>0.05). The performance parameters: total weight (𝑋2=13.86, 𝑝≤0.05) and total set (𝑋2=13.07, 𝑝≤0.05) also have a statistically significant effect. In conclusion, inhalation while lifting weights during maximal resistance exercises has shown a negative effect on performance and the cardiovascular system.