The development of Makteli Hüseyins and maktel comparison

Members of every religion may have differences in their interpretation of religion. When these differences are limited to definitive views, sects emerge. While Alevism, a sect of Islam, traces its origins back to the period of creation in the collective memory, historical evidence dates the emergence of Alevism to pre-Islamic Turkish history. It is suggested that the Turks' first contact with Islam occurred in Central Asia with descendants of the Ahl al-Bayt and their supporters. One of the most influential events in the Turks' conversion to Islam was the Battle of Karbala. The individual works that explore the Battle of Karbala, which has a place in oral and written literature for centuries, are called "Makteli Hüseyin." This thesis examines the emergence of Alevism, the course of early Islamic history up to the Battle of Karbala, and the Battle of Karbala itself. It also examines the tradition of Husayn al-Maqtali, a literary reflection of the event, and compares the maktels of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish literature. The study examines the period of the four caliphs, examines the caliphate of Ali and the internal turmoil that arose during this period, and examines the martyrdom of Husayn at Karbala, which profoundly impacted the Islamic world. It also examines the tradition of maktel writing within the context of Karbala. The core of this research focuses on Abu Mikhnaf's Maqtal al-Husayn, Husayn Vaiz-i Kashifi's Rawzat al-Shuhada, and Shadi Meddah's Maqtali Husayn. These works are analyzed with regard to their similarities, differences, and sectarian orientations, thereby shedding light on their respective historical and theological contexts. Furthermore, the thesis investigates the emergence of Alevism from both historical and traditional perspectives. In doing so, it situates the origins of Alevism within the broader framework of early Islamic history, while also highlighting the literary dimension of the Maqtal al-Husayn tradition. Key Words: Caliphate, Karbala, Makteli Hussein, Hazrat Hussei