Utilization of cone beam computed tomography to investigate anatomical variations of the mandible that may contain neurovascular bundles

ABSTRACT Aim: Anatomical variations in the mandible are encountered in dental practice. Anatomical variations can create difficulties for dentists during diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence, location, and morphological characteristics of anatomical variations that may contain the neurovascular bundle in the mandible. Material and Method: In this study, CBCT images obtained between January 1, 2023, and January 1, 2024, were used. Morphometric measurements were performed on anatomical variations likely to contain neurovascular bundles in the mandible, and the distribution of these variations according to location and gender was noted. Statistical analysis of the relevant data was performed. Results: Type 1 MK 784, type 2 MK 51, type 3 MK 84, type 4 MK 31, type 5 MK 19, and type 6 MK 3 were observed. The presence of AMF was detected in 2.5% of men and 4.7% of women. AL was detected in 23.7% on the right side and 24.8% on the left side. Right MIK was detected in 28.4% of men and 36.0% of women. Left MIK was observed in 29.6% of men and 35.8% of women. Type 1 LK was observed in 99.4% of all cases. Type 2 LK was detected in 45.5% on the right side and 46.9% on the left side. Type 1 BK was detected in 107 patients, and type 2 BK was detected in 108 patients. Accessory foramen was detected in 13.8% of the right ramus and 15.6% of the left ramus of all cases. The frequency of TKK was 1.0% on the right side and 1.9% on the left side. KF was detected in 4.9% of all cases, and KK in 1.6%. When the images were examined, right SK was observed in 4.5% and left SK in 5.6% of cases. Conclusion: Anatomical variations involving the neurovascular bundle observed in the mandible carry the risk of complications during misdiagnosis and treatment. It is crucial for physicians and dentists to recognize these issues to prevent such problems. Key Words: Anatomical variation, Cone beam computed tomography, Lingual canal, Mandible, Mandibular canal, Mental foramen