The effect of maternal risk factors on respiratory distress syndrome

ABSTRACT The Effect of Maternal Risk Factors on Respiratory Distress Syndrome Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal risk factors on premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome, 26-32 gestational weeks, on the prognosis of respiratory distress syndrome and the acute and long term problems of prematurity. Materials and Methods: Retrospective epicrisis data of 128 respiratory distress syndrome patients between the dates of 26-32 gestations admitted to Çukurova University Medical Faculty Hospital Newborn Intensive Care Unit between 01 January 2014 and 31 December 2017; data collection, antenatal steroid use, maternal age, maternal disease, drug and substance use history, maternal age, gender, maternal measurements, APGAR scores, treatment, prognosis, duration of stay in the ventilator, registered in their forms. The case group consisted of those who had a single maternal risk factor from those with respiratory distress syndrome. The control group consisted of patients with respiratory distress syndrome without maternal risk factors. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the maternal body mass index and the case and control groups (p=0.043). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups and nasal CPAP and nasal SIMV duration (p=0.044). There was a statistically significant relationship between total oxygen uptake and the groups. (p=0.047). There was a significant relationship between the length of hospitalization and the groups (p=0.041). There was a statistically significant difference between the control group and the gestational diabetics in terms of the mean duration of follow-up in the conventional mode (p=0.040). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the most effective independent variables between case and control groups were the duration of conventional mode (p=0.042), the duration of HFOV (p=0.010), and the duration of total oxygen uptake (p=0.005). As a result of logistic regression analysis, the most effective variables on prognosis were birth weight (p=0.008), hospitalization time (p <0.05) and conventional mode time (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Risk factor group needs more oxygen, increase in mechanical ventilator duration, length of hospitalization, premature problems and complications are more common, pregnancy follow-ups should be regularly informed about the preterm birth and possible risks of the pregnancies. Key words: Respiratory distress syndrome, maternal risk factors, prematurity, prematurity problems, smoking