Investigation on deterioration mechanisms of the basalts employed in the Diyarbakir city walls

Both in our country and in the world, the use of marble and natural stone as a coating material in the building sector, construction sector and interior design is increasing. As a result of this increase, the demand for the marble sector and the number of enterprises are increasing. Depending on the marble production capacity of the marble enterprises, marble sludge and piece marble wastes are formed. The discharge of these wastes into the agricultural lands that can be used, on the edges of the stream, destroys the natural environment. Depending on the production occurring in marble quarries and factories, the proportion of waste reaches approximately 70% in factories in Diyarbakir province. The failure to evaluate the wastes that occur during the marble production of marble quarries and factories in Diyarbakir constitutes the problem of the study. It was determined as a result of researches and observations that the factories that produce and process marble cannot evaluate their waste and wastes are randomly released into the natural environment. To determine the damages caused by marble wastes to the environment and to prevent further damage to nature due to technological and industrial advances in the cycle between nature and man. It is aimed to reduce the unconscious consumption of natural resources by determining the amount of waste that occurs during production of marble production facilities and showing that marble wastes are used in the building area and other areas as recycling materials. In this study, its scope as a geographical region is diyarbakır province and its borders.The starting point of this study is marble production factories located in Diyarbakir Organized Industrial Zone. The research targeted the marble sector in Diyarbakir Organized Industrial Zone, the formation of marble wastes and the evaluation of these wastes.The purpose of selecting Diyarbakir Organized Industrial Zone as a working area is to provide information about marbles and wastes produced in Diyarbakir thanks to the leading companies of the marble sector. In this study, the aim of the questionnaire prepared to be directed to the companies together with the field study is to learn about the approaches of marble factories about marble production, the amount of waste occurring in production and the evaluation of the wastes that occur. The data generated in line with the questionnaire created were created through graphs and tables.In the interviews held within the scope of the thesis, it is seen that marble factories and marble quarries in Diyarbakır OSB produce wastes during production and processing. It is important to take the necessary measures to minimize these wastes.Since the range of use of marble wastes is quite wide, it is thought that the necessary studies and incentives should be increased for the evaluation of these wastes. Keywords: Marble, Building material, Marble waste, Organized Industrial Zone, Diyarbakir