Ottomanism in the Constitutional Monarchy Period

Nationalism, the most influential political ideology of all time, which was supposed to develop after the 1789 French Revolution, was an important step in the emergence of nation states in Europe. The movement of nationalism, which led to the rise of nation-states, completely eliminated the "Nation System" of the Ottoman Empire based on religion and led to the fragmentation of the state organized in the form of an empire. For this purpose, in the Ottoman Empire, where separatist movements started to be seen in the first quarter of the 19th century, efforts were made to create an "Ottoman Upper Identity", that is, "Ottomanism", without any ethnic and religious discrimination, in order to prevent disintegration. In the first and second part of our study, comprehensive information are given about the ideology of Ottomanism which is the struggle of identity which was put forward from the Tanzimat to the the Constitutional Monarchy, and the attitudes of statesmen and intellectuals to the subject are discussed and their thoughts are compared. In the third and four part, the discussions on the idea of Ottomanism which is an endless, never-ending polemics subject, and became the subject of perpetuity in the Constitutional Period, was discussed and interpreted. The fact that the question of Ottomanism, which was discussed by the politicians and the intellectuals in the Constitutional Period, and which later discussed the masses of the military and the masses, has not been sufficiently enlightened to this day, and this condition makes this work attractive for scientific world. This study, which was revealed by scanning the Constitutional Monarchy Period press materials in the specialization of Ottomanism, was attempted to explain the admirable pencil struggle of the intellectuals of the Ottoman Empire. Keywords: Ottomanism, Ottoman Press, Constitutional Monarchy, İdea Currents