The effect of mean platelet volume and red cell distribution width on prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome

Background and aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between mean platelet volume and erythrocyte distribution width in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and those who died and still alive independently of treatments and hematological response. Materials and methods: 158 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) admitted to the Hematology outpatient clinic of Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Health Application and Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine between 2011-2018 were included. Demographic, clinical, genetic, biochemical and International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) scores were defined. In the study, complete blood counts of the patients at baseline, 6th month, 12th month, 18th month and 24th month controls [Hemoglobin (hgb), platelet (plt), neutrophil (ANS), mean platelet volume (MPV), mean erythrocyte distribution width (RDW)], blast rate and karyotypic analysis were performed in patients with bone marrow examination . These data of MDS patients were compared according to SPSS 19.0 program. Results: Most of the cases followed in MDS were female gender (56.3%). The mean age of this group was 71.53 ± 12.6 years. 22.2% of the cases were in low risk, 57.4% were in medium risk level 1, 13% were in medium risk level 2 and 7.5% were in high risk group. In the follow-up, 47.5% of the cases had a hematological response and 52.5% had no response. When the state of life was examined, it was found that 55.1% of the patients were still alive and 44.9% had died. When the IPSS score and hematological response were compared, a significant difference was found (p <0.05). When the MPV values were compared with the hematological response in the two-year follow-up of the patients, no significant difference was observed in the MPV values of the patients with hematological response, but a significant difference was observed with p <0.05 in the patients without hematological response. RDW values at 2-year follow-up of patients were compared with those who died and were still alive independent of response to treatment. When MPV and RDW percentages were evaluated and compared with hematological response, 2.2% increase in hematological response and 6.9% increase in non-response patients were found and significant difference was observed (p <0.05). The percentage change in RDW was found to be significant when compared with patients who were still alive and dead independent of treatment response (p <0.05). The percentage change in RDW was found to be significant in comparison with patients who died and were still alive independent of response to treatments (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the effect of MPV and RDW on prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. When hematological response values were evaluated with MPV, a significant difference was found with p <0.05. While there was no correlation between life status and MPV, there was an extremely significant correlation between RDW value and patients who died. In our study, MPV value is a simple, inexpensive hemogram parameter that can be used in the follow-up of MDS patients in daily use and is a promising marker for prognosis. In patients without an invasive procedure such as bone marrow examination, routine blood tests can be used for follow-up. Large-scale cohort group studies, which eliminate the weaknesses of the study, are needed to better evaluate the outcome.