The economical and socio-cultural consequences of second campaign of mongols to dasht-i Kipchak

As a result of the Second Campaign of Mongols to Dasht-i Qipchak, which began in 1236, the Kipchaks disappeared as an independent political entity. One of the greatest states of the Middle Ages in Eastern Europe, Golden Horde, which also called Juchi Ulusu, was established in the middle of the XIII. century. This state has played an important role in the lives of nations which were living in the vast territory of a large area, from the Irtysh River to the Dniester and Danube, almost half of Europe and Asia. Kipchaks formed the main mass of the Turks' population in the Golden Horde which was established by the Mongols. The arrival of the Mongols influenced the economic, socio-cultural and ethnic development of the Kipchaks region and caused a significant change in the management system, lifestyle and traditions of the local people. Although the campaign had negative social effects, the establishment of the Golden Horde on the one hand allowed the people of the region to increase their cultural diversity and on the other hand, it allowed them to maintain their own culture. After a few generations the Golden Horde, which has the characteristics of Mongol State, have adapted to the culture of the Kipchak, their lifestyle etc. and started to speak Kipchak's Turks. In addition, the Second Campaign of Mongols to Dasht-i Kipchak in a sense led to the formation of unity among the Russian Principalities. When we evaluate the study from this point, the Second Campaign of Mongols to Dasht-i Kipchak gains a different dimension.