The relationship between religion and science in Muhammad İqbal and Sayyid Hussein Nasr

Religion and science have been one of the areas studied and researched to understand the universe throughout the life of humanity. In order to understand and make sense of nature, explanations are made on the basis of books of revelation in order to understand and make sense of science and religion in accordance with their pedestals. The revelations sent to humanity reveal certain judgments in order to make sense of the universe. However, these judgments were deformed during the Medieval period by groups that used religion as a tool other than their purpose. The gap created by the decline of the influence of religion has been filled with science. Thus, the enlightenment period began and the importance attached to the mind increased. Although the functional process of the mind starts to think about the divine messages given by religion, the mind has generally isolated itself from the religious field. The aim of this study is to examine the thinkers who have been brought up in two close geographies, the thinkers should be living in close geographies and to study the issues they have dealt with from different angles despite the fact that certain stages of their lives are passing. There have been differences in the opinions that have arisen for this reason. Because every thinker has his own intellectual orientation. Both thinkers explained the importance of science to reason with a more moderate approach, both by referring to the revelation origin of religion and by explaining it with a more moderate approach. At the same time, according to thinkers, the importance of science to reason is attributed to the fact that reason also has a revelation origin. Nature can be known by reason, but this mind must be a divine mind. The authority that nature gives to the mind on the subject of science requires explanation by experiment. It can also be stated that two thinkers made critical approaches to the field of modern science. Thus, two thinkers who have mastered modern science have expressed in their works that they defend Islamic science on the subject of science.