The role of the folk songs used in school music education on formation of a musical-cultural identity Turkey, Bulgaria, Hungary samples

In this research, with respect to the ?what is the role played by the folk songsunder formation of a musical-cultural passport or identity? problem statement, Turkish,Bulgarian and Hungarian samples have been studied. The research is composed of threeinterconnected parts.First part, investigates under a scientific look, 3000 year old ethnic, historic, and socio-cultural ties between Proto-tribes that composed 3 countries ethnic amalgamations hasbeen assesed at two historic section: Middle East and Ottoman Empire.At the second part, the phenomenon of ?musical-cultural identity? and emphasize theimportance of cultural environment, family and school music education on formingindividuals? musical-cultural identities. Also accents on the role of folk songs, as a?most compact? traditional musico-cultural product, on formation of musical-culturalidentity of an individial is being explained.At the third chapter the proportion of folk songs in music classes books which are usedin 2003-2004 education year were determined for each country and each grade. Theresults were compared among the three countries. A meaningful difference were foundbetween Turkey-Bulgaria and Turkey-Hungarian proportions, however, there were not anoteworthy difference, with %99 confidence, between Bulgarian and Hungarianproportions.Under the light of the findings, cultural stratums and musical-cultural ball models weresuggested and via these models, concept of musical-cultural identity was that tried to bedifined. During the process of formation of musical-cultural identity of an individualfirstly the folk songs, for their specific nature, and secondly all sorts of traditionalmusico-cultural products have important roles has been emphisized.The excistens of important historic, ethnic an socio-cultural connections between threecontries? Proto-tribes, the reflections or extentions of some characteristic antiquepractices at many fields of life today are observed. However, notable differencesbetween countries? music education policies about giving place to their own traditional-culture in music education were found.With connection to the feeling of cultural identity and musical-culrural identity ormusical-cultural passport phenomenon are formed by the cultural environment belongedthrough from life to deaht continium and as result of individual-social communicationand interaffection, they reshape the same culture.Finally, we conclude that transition of traditional musical-cultural values to youngergeneration through school music education in correct and satisfactory manner can inhibitthe social fluctuations such as cultural identity depressions, musical corruptions andcultural alienations.Key Words : Music Education; Music Culture; Musical-Cultural İdentity / Passport;Folk Songs; Comparable Education; Bulgaria; Hungary.