Determination of the frequency of asparaginase mutation in FLT3/ITD and kinase domaine in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome

Purpose-Hypothesis: FMS Like Tyrosine Kinase 3, is a tyrosine kinase receptor that plays a very important role in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell survival and proliferation. FLT3 mutations are sometimes expressed in Leukemia and Myelodysplastic syndrome patients. It has been shown from studies carried out that FLT3 mutation is a poor prognostic criterion. The purpose of this study is to show the frequency of FLT3 mutation and determine its role in prognosis in MDS patients. It is also aimed that in addition to the FTL3 mutation that RDW, LDH, ferritin, albumin, and globulin can be used to determine prognosis. Method: 94 patients diagnosed with MDS who were followed up at Aydın Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine Hematology Department outpatient clinic and service between 01.08.2018-01.08.2019 were included in the study. The Hemogram and biochemical parameters of these 94 patients at their first presentation were evaluated. FLT3 mutation analysis of these patients was performed. The prognosis was calculated with International Prognostic Scoring System, IPSS-R, WPSS, and LR-PSS. SPSS-21 program was used for statistical evaluation. p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average age of all patients included in the study was 73 ± 10 years, the average age of women was 73.33 ± 8.63, the average age of men was 73.51 ± 10.57. FLT3 / ITD mutation detected. The follow-up period for the patient in which FMS Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / ITD mutation was detected was 10 months and he was diagnosed with AML 9 months after the diagnosis. The follow-up period for acute Myeloid Leukemia was one month. There is a statistically significant difference between the prognostic values of the participants and RDW and LDH. There was no statistically significant difference in prognostic factors on IPSS between the patients' ferritin and other prognostic values of the participants. There was no statistically significant difference between the prognostic values of the participants and albumin and globulin. Conclusion: We think that FMS Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 mutation is associated with poor survival in which MDS is diagnosed and is involved in AML transformation. We also think that RDW and LDH values are useful in the follow-up and determining the prognosis of these patients.