Evaluation of children between 0-18 years with nephrotic syndrome

Aim: In this study, our aim was to assess the sociodemographic structure, diagnostic approaches, determination of clinical data, treatment methods applied and the factors effective on prognosis in patients followed with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome in our clinic. Material and Methods: The files of 256 patients diagnosed with primary idiopathic nephrotic syndrome between the ages of 0 and 18 who were followed in İnönü University Faculty of Medicine Turgut Özal Medical Centre Department of Pediatric Diseases, Field of Pediatric Nephrology during a period of 15 years between 2004 and 2019 were examined retrospectively. 220 patients whose data were sufficient and who had a sufficient follow-up time were included in the study. Results: 137 of our patients were male, 83 were female and the ratio of male/female was 1,65. Average onset age of the cases was 4,8±2,6 years (0,1-16 years). Renal disease history in the family was 16,4% and the rate of consanguineous marriage was 25,9%. 55,4% of our cases had referred to our clinic from Malatya. 24% of our patients were found to have microscopic hematuria, 28,2% were found to have hypertension. Average cholesterol level of the patients was 336±102 mg/dl, average serum albumin was 1,39±0,5 g/dl, average serum total protein was 4,1±0,6 g/dl, average BUN value was 13,2±9,4 mg/dl, average serum creatinin was 0,43±0,29 mg/dl and average 24-hour urine protein amount was 123,6±76,9 mg/dl. Of the patients who received biopsy, 32 were determined as FSGS, 18 as MLH, 11 as MPGN, 3 as IgM nephropathy, 2 as hereditary nephrite, 2 as MezPGN, 1 as MGN, 1 as congenital NS and 2 as other reasons. While a total of 193 patients (87,7%) were sensitive to steroid, 27 patients (12,2%) were found to be resistant to steroid. While 78 (35,5%) of the patients were followed with no relapse, 120 (54,5%) patients were relapsing and 22 (10%) patients had frequent relapses. In their follow-up, mortality rate of our patients was found as 2,7%. Conclusion: With this study, we assessed children with primary nephrotic syndrome in our area comprehensively for the first time. The data of our study were in parallel with the literature to a great extent. Keywords: Child, nephrotic syndrome, course, treatment