Investigation of blood gas analysis and electrocardiographic parameters in calves with neonatal diarrhea

Diarrhea in calves is a multifactorial disease that causes both economic losses and puppies among the diseases that occur in the neonatal period. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of metabolic and electrolyte imbalances such as hyperkalemia, acidemia and dysnatremia with the presence of ECG abnormalities in calves with neonatal diarrhea. The material of this study consisted of 40 calves, including 30 calves with diarrhea, aged 0-21 days old, brought to the Fırat University Animal Hospital in Elazig region and 10 healthy calves in the enterprises located in the Elazig region. The study material, 30 calves with diarrhea, were divided into 3 experimental calves as G1 (7.30>pH), G2 (7.100.05) difference between K and G1 and G2. heart rate; A statistical decrease (P<0.05) was determined in G2 compared to G1 and K. A non-statistical decrease (P>0.05) was found in G3 compared to G1 and K. respiratory frequency; A statistical decrease (P<0.05) was found in G2 and G3 compared to G1 and K. Statistical decreases (P<0.05) in the amplitude of the P (mV) wave were found between G1 and the other groups in ECG findings. There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) between the groups in the amplitude of the Q (mV) wave. There was a statistically significant increase in the amplitude of R (mV) and S (mV) waves between K and other groups (P<0.05). While there was a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the amplitude of the T (mV) wave between F and G3, there was a non-statistical increase (P>0.05) in the amplitude of the T (mV) wave between F and G1 and G2. It was revealed that there was no statistical difference (P>0.05) between the groups in the duration of the P (sec) wave. A statistically increase in the duration of the PQ (sec) wave was found in G2 and G3 compared to K and G1 (P<0.05). The duration of the QRS (sec) wave was statistically increased (P<0.05) in other groups compared to K. There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) between the groups in the duration of the ST (sec) wave. There was a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the other groups compared to the K of the QT (sec) wave. There was a statistically significant increase in the duration of the T (sec) wave in G2 and G3 compared to K (P<0.05). When Table 9 was analyzed statistically, pCO2, pO2, Cl-, Na+; There was no statistical difference between all groups (P>0.05). In hematological and blood gas examinations, there was a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in Fibrinogen level in G3 compared to F, but non-statistical increase (P>0.05) in G1 and G2 according to K. In terms of pH, there was a statistically significant decrease (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 compared to K, and a non-statistical (P>0.05) decrease in G1. A statistically significant increase (P<0.05) was found in the mean of K+ in G3 compared to K, while non-statistical (P>0.05) increases were found in G1 and G2. There was a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the mean of Ca+2 in G3 compared to K, G1 and G2. Statistically decreases (P<0.05) were found in the averages of HCO-3 in G2 and G3 compared to K and G1. There was a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in Anion Gap (K+) averages in G2 and G3 according to K, however, non-statistical (P>0.05) increases in G1 compared to K and G3 compared to G2 found. Statistically decreased tCO2 averages (P<0.05) were found in G3 compared to K and G1. However, non-statistical (P>0.05) decreases were found in G1 and G2 compared to F. Statistically decreases (P<0.05) were found in Base(B) averages in G2 and G3 compared to K and G1. However, statistically significant decreases (P<0.05) were found in Base(B) averages in G3 compared to G2. Between Na+ and Cl- , temperature, heart rate positive, K+ , T(mv), T(sn), R(mv), S(mv), P(s), PQ(s), QT(s) with It was found that there was a negative correlation. Between K+ and Anion Gap K+ , T(mv), T(s),R(mv), S(mv), PQ(s) positive, Cl- ,Base(B), temperature, respiration, HCO-3, A negative correlation was found between tCO2 and tCO2. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between Ca+2 and Anion Gap K+, and a negative correlation between HCO-3,Base(B), tCO2 Q(mv), and temperature. It has been revealed that there is a positive correlation between Cl- and temperature and respiration, and a negative correlation between R(mv), S(mv), T(mv), PQ(sn), T(sn). In conclusion, it can be accepted that hyperkalemia is a clinically significant and potentially cardiotoxic electrolyte imbalance in calves with neonatal diarrhea. However, increased potassium concentrations partially explained the ECG abnormalities observed in our study material. In particular, the fact that venous blood pH is significantly associated with the presence of certain ECG abnormalities, such as a steady and peaked T wave, and the findings that these abnormalities are also seen in acidic but non-hyperkalemic calves, should be taken into account that acidemia may be a contributing factor predisposing to cardiac conduction abnormalities in diarrhea in calves. should be taken.