Comparative analysis of electric vehicle adaptation and environmental impacts in OECD countries

The energy and transportation sectors are critical industries that directly impact nearly all aspects of daily life alongside industrial production. The global energy demand being largely met by fossil fuels, coupled with the transportation sector's reliance on conventional fossil fuels, has made these sectors major sources of greenhouse gas emissions and contributors to climate change. Rapid technological advancements continue to increase demand in these sectors, while growing environmental concerns are pushing countries toward renewable energy solutions and alternative energy technologies. In this study, within the framework of the impacts of the energy and transportation sectors on global greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, OECD member countries' electricity generation structures, the environmental consequences of this generation, their levels of transition to renewable energy, and their processes of adopting next-generation energy vehicles are examined in a comparative manner. Using the collected data, the study also positions Türkiye relative to other OECD countries and develops future projections regarding Türkiye's use of electric vehicles and the number of motor vehicles according to fuel type. Grouping countries with similar performance and evaluating their common characteristics provide guidance on which strategic measures are most critical to achieving environmental goals, thereby enhancing the originality of the study. For Türkiye specifically, future-oriented analyses and recommendations are presented from a sustainability perspective with regard to the energy and transportation sectors. Keywords: Renewable energy, sustainable energy, electric vehicles, sustainable transportation