The effect of oral contraseptive usage on rat ovarian follicule reserve and ovarian surface epitelium

ABSTRACT The Effect of Oral Contraseptive Usage on Rat Ovarian Follicule Reserve and Ovarian Surface Epitelium Thirty five famale, 4 month old Winstar Albino rats weighing between 190-220 grams were divided randomly prospective, single-blind into 5 groups. Plasebo pills and oral contraseptives were given through gastric lavage for three months as follows Group 1: control group, placebo pills; group 2: Ethynil estradiol (EE) 1,5mcg/day+ Drospirenon 150mcg/day (Yasmin®) ,Group 3: EE 1,5mcg/gün+ Siproteron asetat 100mcg/day (diane 35®), Group 4: EE 1,5mcg/gün+ gestoden 3,75mcg/day (Ginera®), Group 5: EE 1,5mcg/day+levonorgestrel 7,5mcg/gün (Microgynon®). Three months later bilateral oopherectomy was done. The right ovary was used to examine the ovarian follicule pool (primordial, primery, secondary, tertiary follicule, fibrosis, corpus luteum (CL), angiogenesis in CL) and surface epitelium change (the dejeneration of germinal epitelium) histologically. The left ovaru was usedto examine the surface epitelium change (mir-21 mir-494, mir-191, mir 145) genetically. AMH was measured through intracardiac taken blood sample. Kruskal Wallis variance analyze used to get statistical analysis. p<0,05 values Man Witney U test was done with Bonferroni correction in reserve tests and t test was done in miRNA results. P value<0,01 was considered statistically significant. Ginera and Microgynon was reduced the ovarian follicule poolwhen compared with the control group while Diane 35 ovary follicule pool were similar with the control group, level of AMH reduced but there was no statistical differece. Yasmin group both were similar with control group. Degeneration of germinal epitelyum and miRNA levels were found to be increased in all groups(p<0,01MWU) The study showed that androgenic oral contraseptives influenced the ovarian follicule pooland the reserve tests in a negative way. Oral contraseptives caused preventing cancer development by degenertion germinal epitelium and increasing mir-145 but stimulating by increasing mir-21, mir-494, mir-191. Key Words: AMH, MiRNA, COC, Ovarian Reserve, Rat