Ortaçağ Britanyası'nın ansiklopedilerinde Arap-İslam tesiri

Throughout history, the Mediterranean basin has served as a home for many civilizations. With the birth of Islam, it became a stage for more cross-cultural interactions. These interactions not only helped the advancement and sophistication of Islamic science but also set the course for the emergence of its traces in Europe. The aim of this thesis is to examine the influence of works written by Islamic scholars on encyclopedias written in 13th-century Britain and elucidate the channels through which it was transmitted. In order to conduct the research, the thesis employs multiple methods, such as comparative textual analysis, source criticism, philological analysis, and historical analysis to find identical or close parallels between Latin manuscripts and Arabic treatises. As for the limitations, this thesis is limited to 13th-century British encyclopedias and Islamic scholars' works. On the other hand, some manuscripts subject to the analysis are missing or incomplete, therefore the research also relies on the latterly translated versions, facsimiles or modernized transcriptions. Regarding the research questions, this thesis focuses on three questions. It probes whether information attributed to Constantinus Africanus in encyclopedias such as Bartholomeus Anglicus's De proprietatibus rerum, Roger Bacon's Opus majus, and Alexander Neckam's De naturis rerum originates from Islamic scholars, and if yes, what specific works they are. The analysis strongly suggests that the related attributions derive heavily from Ibn al-Jazzar' Zād al-Musāfir, Al-Majusi's Kitab al-Maliki, Hunayn ibn Ishaq's Kitab al-Ashr Maqalat fil-Ayn. Also, it investigates how these ideas travelled from Islamic lands to Britain, and these works route from Islamic centers, particularly Baghdad's and Kairouan's Bayt alHikmahs to Britain via Salerno, Monte Cassino, and travelling scholars, one of whom is Constantinus himself. By recording these transmission routes pertaining to the Mediterranean, the thesis achieves balance as it is neither Eurocentric nor fully Eastern. Rather, it reveals interdisciplinary medieval scholarship.