The effects of foliar applied calcium and boron fertilizers on plant nutrition, yield and quality in greenhouse autumn tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation

This study; it was conducted in Altınova (Koyunlar), Dumanlar, Gaziler, Kırcami and Varsak locations of Antalya province. For this purpose, in the study, in 12 different producer greenhouses, three times "chelated calcium (0,3 %), calcium chloride (0,3 %), boron (0,15 %), chelated calcium (0,3 %) + boron (0,15 %), calcium chloride (0,3 %) A total of 6 applications, including + boron (0,15 %)" fertilizer applications and control, were carried out. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether the foliar calcium and boron fertilizer applications can have a widespread effect in the greenhouse conditions that will represent the region and the growing conditions defined by many factors may differ in terms of many factors. Soil sampling were taken from 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths in relation to the greenhouse soils in which cultivation is made, in the soil samples were analyzed, pH, CaCO3, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, texture, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, Measurements and analyzes were made to determine the contents of exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, available iron, zinc, manganese, copper and available boron. It was determined that the soil samples showed a distribution of loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam and clay as texture, neutral in pH and slightly alkaline reaction, high lime content, no electrical conductivity (EC) problem, and low organic matter content. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the total nitrogen and exchangeable potassium values of the soil samples were determined in the good class, while the absorbable phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and magnesium contents were in the very good class. In terms of microelements, they showed distribution in good class in terms of iron, zinc, manganese and copper and less in terms of boron. During the 7th harvest, both fruit and leaves were simultaneously taken. Titratable acidity, hardness, water soluble dry matter and color measurement analyzes made in fresh fruits in the collected fruits and in dried fruit samples; Calcium, boron, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese and copper analyzes were also made. Data were recorded by determining the yield, fruit weight, fruit diameter and number of fruits in each harvest process. Calcium, boron, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, iron, zinc, manganese and copper were analyzed in leaf samples. While the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the leaf samples were in the deficient class, other macro elements were in the high class of calcium, magnesium and sulfur, while the micro elements iron, zinc and copper were in the sufficient class, mangan in the sufficient and high class, and the boron element in the high class. When examining the yield and quality criteria; yield 1,15-5,29 kg plant-1, fruit weight 84-193 g, fruit diameter 62,35-80,10 mm, fruit number per plant 12,00-33,06, titratable acidity % 0,18-0,39, penetration resistance 0,57-2,07 kg cm-2 and water-soluble solid dry matter between 3,00-6,40 %. In the study, the data were recorded by taking the average of the soil, plant, fruit and harvest results values on the basis of the producer and the effects of the applications were evaluated. In the results of working; It has been determined that foliar fertilization applications with calcium and boron do not have a positive effect in the research area and suggesting foliar fertilization with these elements on a local scale will not be effective. This result; In cases where calcium and boron foliar fertilization applications are not applied, the data showing that the calcium and boron nutrition levels of tomato plants only from the soil are sufficient or high can be shown as the most basic reason. Tomato leaf analysis results; In tomato cultivation, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, many plant nutrients indicate widespread deficiencies in nutrition. It can be said that the deficiencies observed at this level may be another factor affecting the fact that the application of calcium and boron elements, which do not appear to have deficiencies in the limited yield and quality criteria, did not make a statistically significant difference. Determined on the basis of the producer, mainly efficiency, the statistically significant effect and wide variation determined in the measured and calculated values are remarkable. In order to narrow this variation, data of manufacturers with low yield and quality values should be developed.