Investigation of the frequency of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome in patients with diagnosis of autoimmune endocrine disease

Purpose and Hypothesis: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (OPS) include a diverse group of clinical conditions characterized by functional impairment of two or more endocrine glands due to loss of immune tolerance. It was aimed to investigate the frequency of OPS in patients diagnosed with autoimmune endocrine disease and to question the autoimmune disease histories of first-degree family members of the patients. Methods: Patients with at least one autoimmune endocrine disease diagnosis who applied to the polyclinics of Aydın Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases were included in the study. The disease information of the patients with autoimmune endocrinopathy was recorded from the patient file in the hospital information management system. Diseases of the patient's first-degree family members were questioned. Statistical analyzes were recorded in SPSS. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 1003 patients were included in the study. 28.5% of the patients were male and 71.5% were female. The mean age of the patients was 43.85±16.13 years. Patients; 387 (38.6%) were diagnosed with graves, 326 (32.5%) with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 276 (27.5%) with type 1 diabetes, and 14 (1.4%) with Addison's diagnosis. The patients were evaluated for OPS, OPS-1 was found in 4 patients and OPS-2 was found in 68 patients. OPS-1 was detected in 3 (0.8%) patients with Graves' disease and 1 (0.3%) patient with Hashimoto's. OPS-2 was detected in 45 patients (16.3%) with type 1 diabetes, 6 patients (42.8%) with Addison's diagnosis, and 17 (5.2%) patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The frequency of at least one accompanying autoimmune endocrinopathy in the first-degree family members of OPS-2 patients was 29.4%, while the frequency of at least one accompanying autoimmune endocrinopathy in the first-degree family members of patients without OPS-2 was 28.3%. No statistically significant difference was found (p=0.960). Conclusion: The most common OPS-2 initial endocrinopathy was Addison's. The frequency of at least one accompanying autoimmune endocrinopathy in first-degree family members of OPS-2 patients was 29.4%.