Evaluation of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation according to the patients risk profile

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenization (ECMO) device has been used frequently due to technological developments and increasing experience in recent years. The ECMO device draws the patient's blood venously and passes it through the oxygenator with a pump to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood and increase the amount of oxygen. Oxygen-enriched blood is given back to the patient via arterial or venous cannula. Heart diseases seen in childhood or newborn babies are grouped under two headings as congenital and later. These types of diseases are diagnosed by fetal echo, echo, ecg, blood values and tomography methods and the treatment process is planned. Diagnosed pediatric heart patients are treated with medical treatment and catheter aid in angioma, or if there are advanced cardiac problems using surgical methods. In cases where involuntary development occurs before or after surgery, patients are admitted to ECMO for treatment or prevention. Before the surgical procedure is performed, patients may be taken to ECMO device as a bridge for transplantation in patients in need of transplantation, in cases where preoperative stabilization is required, due to drug intoxication or severe heart failure due to sepsis. The reasons that are beyond normal after the surgical procedure are; Inability to separate from cardiopulmonary bypass system, low cardiac output, advanced ventricular dysfunction, postoperative cardiac arrest, post cardiotomy can be listed as acute coronary disease with cardiogenic shock. The deteriorating laboratory parameters, blood circulation and vital signs of the patient usually return to normal after being taken into the ECMO device. In addition to the benefits of ECMO, there are some complications that may occur. These complications; acute severe head trauma, cerebral damage or newly developing Cerebro Vascular (SVO). In addition, when the patient is connected to ECMO device for a long time, terminal chronic and maling diseases, severe bleeding, diffuse intravascular coagulation, immunosuppression, presence of advanced left heart failure, transplanted organ, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, sepsis, multiple organ failures, irreversible neurological damage, baro acute or chronic problems such as trauma, deep metabolic problems, tuberculosis ulcer, edema.