Determination and prevention of the soil contamination originated from petroleum oil drilling studies

Nowadays some of the most important factors of the environmental pollution are oil and oil products. Drilling of petroleum and petroleum-derived soil pollution has an important influece not only on the fertility of soils and function of ecosystem but also on the health of animals and human beings via food chains. The clean up of the soil contaminated with petroleum is one of the most difficult tasks for environmental engineering. Some factors such as complex physical chemicals and biological properties of contaminated soils and limited information about behavior and relations of pollutants in soil increased the cost of remediation processes and limited use of conventional waste disposal technologies On the first part of this study oil, oil production in the world, soil pollution based on oil drilling and types of waste oil are investigated. On the second part of this study is about preventing oil pollution by using remediation technologies and to compare their cause and effect. Bioremediation, fitoremediation and soil vapour extruction are the remediation Technologies which are more effectıve, cheap and they have short remediation times. Based on this, these technologies are convenient and recomended.