Investigation of natural woody species that can be used in landscape restoration works in rejuvenation areas of pinus brutia: The case of Adana Karaisalı

In order to rehabilitate forest areas degraded by natural or cultural causes and to recover them to the nature, it is essential to carry out landscape restoration works using biological or technical methods and to use living and non-living materials in combination in these works. In order to provide the highest level of efficiency in the use of living material, it is very important that plant selection is made from native and primary species that are eco-friendly, maintenance-free and adaptable to ecological conditions. This study was carried out in a total of 11 sample parcels with maquis vegetation in the Pinus brutia forest area in the north of Çatalan Dam Lake in Adana-Karaisalı district, where rejuvenation work was carried out with the Silviculture technique, which coincides with the landscape restoration approach in terms of its main objectives. In the study, vegetation development of Cistus salviifolius (Ci.sa.), Calicotome villosa (Ca.vi.), Coronilla emerus (Co.em.), Phillyrea latifolia (Ph.la.), Quercus coccifera (Ph.la.) and Styrax officinalis (St.of.) species were observed on the slope and terrace surfaces of north, west and south aspects. In the study, vegetation growth of Cistus salviifolius (Ci.sa.), Calicotome villosa (Ca.vi.), Coronilla emerus (Co.em.), Phillyrea latifolia (Ph.la.), Quercus coccifera (Ph.la.) and Styrax officinalis (St.of.) species were observed on slopes and terrace surfaces of north, west and south aspects. As a result, it was determined that Ci.sa. and Ca.vi species can regenerate and growth in all aspects and conditions, in contrast to Co.em and St.of. species which can regenerate in semi-shade and shade areas. It was observed that the north aspect had the highest level of regeneration and growth potential and the south aspect had the lowest level. In the study, it was also concluded that plant regeneration potentials were related to canopy cover, direction of insolation, aspect and land treatment. In terms of soil contents, it was observed that organic matter, K, Fe were effective in growth and development.