The determination of antimicrobial activities and nutritive contents of Pleurotus eryngii (Dc. ex Fr.) Quel. var. eryngii and Pleurotus eryngii (Dc. ex Fr.) Quel. var. ferulae Lanzi

The present study was to investigate the possibility of the cultivation of P. eryngii var. ferulae, which was collected from İçme-Elazig and derived from in vitro tissue culture, and also effect of various agro-residues on nutritive contents and antimicrobial activity of P. eryngii var. eryngii and P. eryngii var. ferulae were researched. For the propagation of the main culture, 2.0 % malt-extract agar was used whereas wheat grains were used for the propagation of spawn, and also wheat straw, soybean straw, corn stalk, bean stalk, millet straw, cotton stalk and rice brans were used as culture media. The types of compost for P. eryngii var. eryngii were prepared, pure and consisting of mixture of those materials (1:1) and also suplemented with 10 and 20 % of rice bran. In addition, for P. eryngii var. ferulae, wheat straw and a mixture of wheat-cotton straw (1:1) and also suplemented with 10 and 20 % of rice bran. The mycelium growing days, primordial initiation days, harvest periods, yield, biological efficiency and nutritive value of P. eryngii var. eryngii and P. eryngii var. ferulae were observed. But also, the antimicrobial activity of the extract of above mushroom which obtained from various culture medium were evaluated according to the disk diffusion method by Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, C. globrata, Trichophyton spp. and Epidermophyton spp.The mycelium growing periods, primordium formation periods, harvest periods, yields and biological efficiency of P. eryngii var. eryngii grown on agro-wastes were observed to be 8.0-12.6 days, 26.2-44.2 days, 37.4-54.8 days, 14.4-25.6 g/100 g and 48.0-85.2 %. The contents of P. eryngii var. eryngii were found to be 91.1-92.8 % dry matter, 7.2-8.9 % moisture, % 13.6-29.9 crude protein, % 0.3-2.9 crude fat, % 4.8-6.7 crude ash, 85.1-87.4 % organic matter, 11.0-18.9 mg/g K, 0.35-1.03 mg/g Ca, 160.7-880.1 mg/kg Na, 602.4-1524.5 mg/kg Fe, 44.7-102.7 mg/kg Zn, 17.7-37.5 mg/kg Mn, 12.6-36.0 mg/kg Cu, 0.014-0.064 mg/kg vitamin A, 0.869-3.565 mg/kg vitamin E, 55.980-473.405 mg/kg vitamin C and 0.087-5.619 mg/kg MDA, respectively. Furthermore, toxic elements such as Cr, Cd, Co, Ni and Pb were not detected in all testing groups.The mycelium growing periods, primordium formation periods, harvest periods, yields and biological efficiency of P. eryngii var. ferulae grown on agro-wastes were determined to be 9.2-13.0 days, 97.4-110.4 days, 112.4-125.8 days, 14.6-23.2 g/100 g and 48.6-77.2 %. The contents of P. eryngii var. ferulae were found to be 91.7-92.7 % dry matter, 7.3-8.3 % moisture, 8.5-19.7 % crude protein, 2.5-4.1 % crude fat, 5.4-6.1 % crude ash, 85.8-86.9 % organic matter, 14.3-22.6 mg/g K, 0.12-0.70 mg/g Ca, 100.0-307.5 mg/kg Na, 519.5-1142.3 mg/kg Fe, 33.5-102.5 mg/kg Zn, 41.6-64.6 mg/kg Mn, 25.8-48.5 mg/kg Cu, 0.0-2.3 mg/kg Cr, 0.015-0.079 mg/kg vitamin A, 0.668-2.270 mg/kg vitamin E, 102.385-333.193 mg/kg vitamin C and 0.789-6.128 mg/kg MDA, respectively. Furthermore, toxic elements such as Cd, Co, Ni ile Pb were not detected in all testing groups.The extracts of P. eryngii var. eryngii and P. eryngii var. ferulae inhibited the growth of test microorganisms in different ratios, but at the same time they didn?t inhibite some microorganisms used in the study.In conclusion, It is determined that abundant product and shorter time can be obtained by using different agricultural materials for P. eryngii var. eryngii and P. eryngii var. ferulae. It is also deduced that wheat straw can be utilized for cultivation of P. eryngii var. eryngii and P. eryngii var. ferulae, and nutritionally rich crop which have high protein, vitamin and mineral contents can be obtained by using consisted mixture of various agro-wastes (1:1) and supplemented with rice bran.