The portrayal of women and nature in the literature since 2700 B.C to present

Throughout history, literature with a great contribution to society has dealt with in a significant approach on every problems of society. The authors have interplayed with social problems in their literary works to be interpreted by the public.This shows us that literature is the reflection of the community, traditions, and culture.The constructive criticism of literature has explicated the valuable issues and changed the concept of old stable visions on the subject. Feminist theories and feminist movements consist of a great deal part of literature. Naturally, the critical component in lots of literary works is also women. Women have been described in different positions, with different aspects; for instance, they have been presented as a goddess in epics, myths, and old literature. But almost in every society, women have been abused in society because of the traditions that tend to patriarchy domination. However, in recent decades, dealing with women issues, literary works have held to support women to release from society's restrictions. In all works of literature, feminism, as literary theory and critical movement, has caused fluctuations on different levels in everywhere and every time. This paper aims to examine the women in the context of literature from 2700 B.C to the present by discussing several literary works and historical contents regarding feminism sort. The other aim of this research is to determine the successes and failures of feminism in societies, which has been ruled by the patriarchy system. Keywords: Gilgamesh epic, Greek goddess, Feminism, Ecocriticism, Ecofeminism