The effect of 2100 hmz electromagnetic field on testicular tissue investigation biochemical, immunohistochemical and immunohistopathological of in rats

With the development of technology, the features of mobile cell phones have increased, and accordingly, the usage rate and duration of them have increased. The electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) of radio frequency used while increasing the features of mobile phones is also increasing. With using of third generation (3G) mobile phones, EMS radio frequency at 2100 MHz has started to be used. It is anticipated that there is an adverse effect of mobile phone usage, generating electromagnetic fields (EMF) on especially the testicular tissue in men, and this effect may increase with increasing EMS radio frequency. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of EMF-mediated oxidative stress in testicular tissues of rats exposed to 2100 MHz EMF. For this purpose, a total of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats consisting of 3 separate groups (control group without EMF, 6 hours daily and 12 hours daily during 60 days EMF applied) were used. Then, rats were waited for another 30 days without EMF. At the end of this period, testicular tissue and blood samples were taken from anesthetized rats to evaluate biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. Testicular levels of the substances reacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) were examined according to the method of Ohkawa et al. The total amount of thiol group (TT) in the testicular tissue was analyzed according to the Ellman method. In serum samples, testosterone levels were determined by the autoanalyzer. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations of the tissue samples blocked by making necessary staining were performed by photographing In biochemical findings; There was a statistically significant increase in TBARS levels between the EMF 6 and 12 hour groups compared to the control group (p <0.01). A statistically significant increase in TT and testosterone levels was detected in the EMF 12 hour group compared to the control group (p <0.01). In histological findings, a statistically significant decrease was observed between Johnsen scores of the control group and the EMF 12 hour group (p = 0.002). Consequently, 2100 MHz EMF might have negative effects on testicular tissue.