Retinal detachment underwent pars plana vitrectomy in the treatment of the anatomical, functional success and surgical results

ABSTRACT Objective: To asses anatomical, functional success and surgical results of PPV in cases with retinal detachment. Materials and method: In this study, cases which were diagnosed as RD and had PPV and had at least 6 months of follow up at Ophthalmology Department of Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine between September-2007 and October-2013 were included and medical records were evaluated retrospectively. Findings: 94 ((%59,1) of the cases were male and 64 (%40,9) were female. In all of the cases, only one eye was affected and 94(%59,1) of patients had RD in the right eye 65 (%40,1) had in the left eye. Mean age of the cases was 50,1±17,28 (8-86) and the median of the age was 52,0. Most of the cases were between the age 50-70 years old(%49,6). When we compared differences between the groups that has macular involvement and that doesn't have macular involvement; there was not statistically significant difference in terms of anatomical success but there was statisticaly significant difference in favor of the group that does'nt have macular involvement in terms of functional success (p=0,04). The cases were divided into three categories according to time passed until they applied to Opthalmology Clinic after their complaint had begun. The first group applied to clinic in less than 30 days, the second group applied to clinic between 31-90 days, the third group applied to clinic in more than 91 days after their complaint had begun. On average patients had surgery 4,5±4,9( 1 to 8 days ) days after they had applied to our clinic. There were no statistically significant difference between the groups when we compared anatomical -functional successes of the groups with the time passed until the surgery (p>0,05). When comparing the visual acuity of the cases before the surgery and at the last visit, visual acuity of the 122 cases (%76,72) were improved, of 8 cases (%5,03) were decreased and of 29 cases (% 18,25) were the same. While the mean visual acuity was 1,43±0,57 logMAR (2mps-3mps) before the surgery, it was improved to 1,24±0,57 (3mps-4mps) at the 1st month, 1,00±0,52 (0,1) at the 3rd month, 0,91±0,54 (0,1-0,125) at the 6th month and 0,90±0,56 (0,125) at the last control. In 74 (%46,5) cases, there were medically controlled increased intraocular pressure. Result: Retinal detachment is an illness that threatens vision and results in blindness when it is not treated early. Macular involvement, the time passed until the patients applied to clinic and the existence of PVR were considered to be the key factors in prognosis. PPV can be used as safe method of surgery in RD treatment with high anatomical and functional success rate. Key Words:Retinal Detachment, Anatomical and Functional Results, Pars Plana Vitrectomy.