Transport of plant nutrients from leaf to fruit in Satsuma (Citrus unshiu Marcovitch) and Clemantine (Citrus reticulata Clementine) mandarin trees and investigation of its effects on yield components

In this study; the transport of plant nutrients from leaves to fruit and their effects on yield components were investigated in Satsuma and Clementine mandarin trees. For this purpose; nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) were analyzed in leaf and fruit samples taken during the fruit setting period (end of July); water soluble solids (SSCM) (%), vitamin C (g/100 g), fruit weight (g), fruit diameter (mm) and yield (kg/tree) were determined in the fruit samples taken during the ripening period. As a result of the research; it was found that the plant nutrient contents of Satsuma mandarin leaves were in the range of 2.28-2.77% of N, 0.16-0.29% of P, 1.20-1.98% of K, 2.05-4.58% of Ca, 0.19-0.26% of Mg, 41.11-80.64 ppm of Fe, 2.93-8.87 ppm of Mn, 2. 93-8.87 ppm of Zn and 3.01-9.92 ppm of Cu, while it varied from 1.88-2.55% of N, 0.14-0.22% of P, 1.48-2.08% of K, 3.69-5.00% of Ca, 0.22-0.29% of Mg, 68.02-161.29 ppm of Fe, 4.77-9.52 ppm of Mn, 4.38-16.41 ppm of Zn and 10.61-27.98 ppm of Cu in Clementine mandarin leaves. Macro element contents of Satsuma and Clementine leaves are Ca>N>K>Mg>P; The micro element contents are listed as Fe>Zn>Cu>Mn in Satsuma and Fe>Cu>Zn>Mn in Clementine. It was found that the nutrient contents of Satsuma mandarin fruits ranged between N 1.22-1.96%, P 0.10-0.17%, K 0.90-1.43%, Ca 0.63-0.97%, Mg 0.11-0.17%, Fe 2.82-5.61 ppm, Mn 3.17-9.21 ppm, Zn 2.34-5.10 ppm and Cu 2.34-5.10 ppm. The nutrient contents of Clementine mandarin fruits were found to vary in the range of N 1.12-1.67 %, P 0.12-0.18 %, K 1.03-1.45 %, Ca 0.82-1.28 %, Mg 0.11-0.19 %, Fe 3.16-5.29 ppm, Mn 5.28-13.95 ppm, Zn 2.19-4.04 and Cu 2.19-4.04 ppm. The macro element contents of the fruits of Satsuma mandarin trees were K>N>Ca>Mg=P, those of Clementine were N>K>Ca>Mg=P; the micro element contents of both Satsuma and Clementine were Mn>Fe>Zn=Cu. In ripe fruits of Satsuma mandarin, SSCM varied between 8.3-10.2%, vitamin C 17.3-46.6 mg/100g, fruit weight 74.48-129.84 g, fruit diameter 32.49-59.65 mm and yield 0. 75-195 kg/tree; for ripe Clementine mandarin fruit, SSCM was 7.9-11.1%, vitamin C 39-56.5 mg/100g, fruit weight 59.08-93.81 g, fruit diameter 47.89-55.48 mm and yield 80-140 kg/tree. Transport of plant nutrients from leaves to fruit; it was calculated by dividing the nutrient content in the fruit by the nutrient content in the leaf. The transport of plant nutrient elements was found to be in the order of Mn>K>P=Cu>N>Mg>Zn>Ca>Fe in satsuma and Mn>P>K>Mg>N>Zn>Ca>Cu>Fe in clementine. Although Satsuma and Clementine mandarins were grown under the same conditions, it was found that the phytonutrient content of both leaves and fruits differed greatly from each other. The main reason for this was the variety difference. It was concluded that this study will shed light on the insufficient studies on the transport of nutritional elements from leaves to fruits.