Sheriff Murtaza and his thealam opinions

Sharif al-Murtaza (d. 436/1044) was the student of Sheikh Mufid (d. 413/1022), who was an authoritative within the Shia. After Mufid's death, he contributed greatly to the rationalization of the Shia and became one of the leading names of the Shia by explaining their thoughts with rational methods on the basis of nass. However, despite the turbulent and political instability of the period he lived in, he overcame this due to the posts he held in important levels of the state. His position gave him the opportunity to engage in scholarly activities. He explains the essence, attributes and actions of Allah with a rational method without departing from the verses of the Quran. In this way, he expresses theology, which constitutes the first part of the science of kalam, especially monotheism, in a convincing language. Explaining the attribute of speech of Allah and his being a mutakallimun, Murtaza claimed that there is no difference between the word of man and the word of Almighty God and said; He describes the Quran, which is the word of Allah, as a creature. Again, he separates the will of Allah from the will of man in actions and says that man is the absolute agent of his actions with a pre-given ability in terms of being responsible and being able to do so. When we look at Murtaza's understanding of cosmology, he defines body, substance and accident and emphasizes the principle of monotheism by abstracting them from the essence of Allah. In other words, he sees cosmology as a tool in recognizing and knowing Allah. Murtaza's understanding of prophethood is based on miracles. Because the person who claims prophethood must show miracles. It should not be forgotten that miracles are also confirmation of prophethood and the act of Allah. Again, according to Murtaza, all prophets are innocent and their proof is miracles. Murtaza says that the intercession of our Prophet in the hereafter is for the criminals and refers the situation of the sinner to Allah, minus the Murjiah.