Fundamentals of imamete theology in Shia

An important issue is how the Shia sect positions itself based on certain historical events, Quranic verses and hadiths, how these bases affect the belief system of the sect and what kind of differences these effects create between the Shia and other Islamic sects. This study, which will focus on the doctrine of Imamate, which is at the center of the Shia belief system, aims to examine the foundations of the Shia understanding of Imamate with a holistic perspective in the context of historical events, Quranic verses and hadiths. As it is known, Imamate is one of the cornerstones of the Shia belief, and according to the Shia, imams are divinely appointed guides who are descendants of the Prophet Muhammad. According to Shia, Hz. Ali was openly appointed as the first caliph by Prophet Muhammad in the Kalem-Kirtas incident and in Ghadir-i Khumm, but this could not happen.In this study, the effects of this historical situation on the formation process of Shia and its belief system are discussed in the context of the understanding of Imamate. While shaping the understanding of Imamate, Shia used some verses as a basis and these verses and their interpretations, which were generally taken out of context and used to support the understanding of Imamate, differentiated Shia from other Islamic sects.In this study, the methods adopted by Shia in interpreting the Qur'an and the effects of these methods on the beliefs and practices of the sect were also analyzed.In addition, the Shia highlighted the hadiths that exalted the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet Muhammad and especially Hz. Ali, and used these hadiths to support the doctrine of Imamate.In this respect, how Shia created a source of legitimacy from hadiths, the reliability of these hadiths and how they were used in Shia doctrine were also analyzed in the study.