Effects of vitamin D on asprosin immunoreactivity in liver tissues of cyclophosphamide-administered rats

Although cyclophosphamide (CP) has been used in the treatment of various types of cancer for many years, its use is limited due to its severe adverse effects on tissues and organs. CP induces oxidative stress and affects hepatotoxicity and energy metabolism. Recently discovered, asprosine is an adipokine secreted from adipose tissue and affects energy metabolism in the liver. Vitamin D, considered an antioxidant, increases the expression of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PDH), which is protective against oxidative stress. Vitamin D's antiproliferative, prodifferentiative, immünomodulatory and antioxidant properties enable it to function as an important reductant in tissue damage. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Vitamin D on asprosine levels in serum and liver tissue of rats administered with CP. 28 male Wistar albino rats aged 8-10 weeks were used in this study. The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups with 7 animals in each group. Body weights of all rats were measured at the beginning of the experiment. No application was administered to the control group during the experiment period of 15 days. To the Vitamin D group, 200 IU/day Vitamin D was given orally every day. A single dose of CP (200 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p) to the CP group at the beginning of the experiment. CP+Vitamin D group was administered as a single dose of 200 mg/kg CP i.p and 200 IU / day Vitamin D was administered orally every day during the 15-day experiment period. At the end of the experiment, after measuring the body weights of all rats, blood and liver tissues were taken after the rats were anesthetized. Biochemical analyzes were performed to determine total antioxidant level (TAS), total oxidant level (TOS), Asprosin level and tissue malondioaldehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, liver tissues were prepared for examination by Histopathological, TUNEL and Immunohistochemical techniques. The findings of the study were examined and photographed under the research microscope. Compared to the control group, the body weights of the rats exposed to Cyclophosphamide were found to be statistically significantly reduced compared to their initial weights. In addition, histopathological examinations revealed significant hemorrhage, increase in inflammatory cells, sinusoidal dilatation, increase in connective tissue, and loss of glycogen in hepatocytes. As a result of the examination of TUNEL staining for the detection of apoptotic cells under light microscope, it was seen that TUNEL positivity increased statistically in the Cyclophosphamide group. However, it was observed that TOS and MDA levels increased, while TAS and asprosin levels decreased. Compared to the cyclophosphamide group, the body weights of the rats in the vitamin D treated group increased statistically significantly compared to their initial weights. In addition, it was observed that histopathological damage decreased in the treatment group and the number of TUNEL positive cells decreased compared to the Cyclophosphamide group. However, it was determined that TOS and MDA levels decreased, while TAS and asprosin levels increased compared to the Cyclophosphamide group. As a result, it was observed that vitamin D suppressed oxidative stress and decreased tissue damage and increased asprosin level against liver damage induced by cyclophosphamide. It was concluded that more comprehensive and advanced studies are needed to elucidate the role of asprosin in oxidative damage associated with chemotherapeutic response.