Simvastatinin deneysel alveol defektlerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Statins, are the most effective and widely used drugs to lower cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia. Recently various studies confirmed that among statins, simvastatin has positive side effects such as stimulation of new bone formation, antiinflammatory effect and angiogenesis promotion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local application of different doses (2.2 and 0.5 mg) of simvastatin carried with HPS polymer carriers at the treatment of alveolar bone defects by using histologic, histomorphometric and immunohistochemistral techniques. Following in vitro simvastatin delivery experiment, four bone defects were created at the left and right maxilla and mandibula of 28 healthy guinea pigs. The first experimental region were filled with 2.2 mg simvastatin whereas the second filled with 0.5 mg simvastatin. Polymer carrier applied alone at the active control region. The last defect was left empty as the control region. Each group of 7 guinea pigs were sacrificed at 7th and 14th days for early and at 30th and 45th days for late evaluation after surgery. The histological and histomorphometric results showed that; simvastatin stimulated bone formation at statistically significant level when compared to control regions. Best results were obtained with 2.2 mg simvastatin and soft tissue inflammation gradually reduced during the experimental period. Although we observed different staining patterns during the experiment, both OPN and BSP expressions were found statistically similar between test and control regions showing no effect of different treatment modalities. Although simvastatin seems to promote bone healing, further experimental studies are needed to explore the unknown sides before clinical usage.