Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with schizophrenia, schizophrenia spectrum disorder, course of the ilness and related factors

Aim:Metabolic syndrome is releated with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases , high mortality and it is a cluster of risk factors comprising obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulinresistance or hyperinsulinaemia, hypertension. Some studies revealed higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophreniacompared to the general population. It is well known that atypical antipsychotics which are increasingly used in the treatment of schizophrenia in last decades are associated with metabolic side effects such as weight gain, disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. In this retrospective study we aimed to determine the metabolic syndrome prevalence in schizoprenic patients to evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome, medication of the patients and other related factors in last two years Method:135 patients admitted to psychiatric outpatient clinics in the Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine Resarchand Training Hospital as schizophrenia, schizoaffective dissorder and delusional disorder according to DSM-IV criteria have been enrolled. We examined patients files including waist circumference, blood pressure, body mass index, bloodglucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, PANSS scores, equals klorpromazine doses are reported. Prevalance of MetS and other measures of metabolic parameters at baseline, 6 months, 1 year and 2 year are reported Findings:The prevalence of MetS was 28.1%, 30.4% and 34.8% according to ATP III, ATP IIIA, and IDF criteria at baseline and 33.3%, 33.3% and 45.5% accordingto ATP III, ATP IIIA, and IDF criteria at 24 month. There was no significant difference metabolic syndrome prevalence between first check and 24 month check. In terms of age 36-56 patients were significantly higher (p=0.02) than other in terms of age, with and without metabolic syndrome. The duration of disease in patients with metabolic syndrome was higher than those without. Weight, total cholesterol and TG measures were significantly higher at males than females. HDL measures was significantly lower at malest han females.There was no difference metabolic syndrome prevalence between monotherapy and combined antipsychotic medications at baseline and 24 month. Olanzapine (%32.5 n=44), quetiapine (%10.3 n=14), risperidone (%11.1 n=15), aripiprazole (%14.8 n=20), amisulpiride (%9.6 n=13) and clozapine(%11.1 n=15) were the most taken medicines at baseline. Olanzapine (%24.2, n=16), clozapine (%21.2, n=14) and aripiprazole (%18.1, n=12)werethemosttakenmedicines at 24 month. There was no significant difference between metabolic syndrome prevalance and taken medicines at baseline and 24 month. There was no significant difference between the schizophrenic patients with and without metabolic syndrome, in terms of PANSS scores, equals clorpromazine doses and biperidene medication. Results:During the two year follow up, we didn?t determine significant changes at the frequency of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. Our findings showed that older ages, duration of illness were significant risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome. Keywords:Metabolic syndrome, schizophrenia, antipsychotics